153881例围产儿中生殖泌尿系统先天畸形发病情况研究

Analysis of congenital genitourinary system malformations among 153881 neonates

目的 :探讨生殖泌尿系统畸形的发生率、特征及风险因素。方法 :监测 1985年 12月 - 1990年 12月孕 2 8周至产后 7天内的 15 3881例围产儿中先天畸形 ,尤其是生殖泌尿系统畸形的发生情况 ,并对其中 181例生殖泌尿系统畸形儿设 1:1对照研究。结果 :共检出先天畸形儿 2 5 5 8例 ,先天畸形发生率为 16 .6 2‰ ,其中生殖泌尿系统畸形 2 40例 ,发生率为 1.5 6 ,占总畸形数的 9.38%。生殖泌尿系统畸形中多发畸形 16 2例 ,占 6 7.5 % ,其中以合并中枢神经系统畸形最多。生殖泌尿系统畸形儿的存活率为 35 .83% ,存活者依次以足月隐睾、尿道下裂及外阴性别不明畸形最多见 ,三者共占总活产数的 89.5 3%。 181例配对研究发现孕期感冒发烧 ,接触有害物质 ,丈夫吸烟及有家族史为生殖泌尿系统畸形的风险因素。结论 :生殖泌尿系统畸形为较常见的畸形。应加强孕期防范 ,对存活者适时矫治。

Objective:To investigate the incidence,clinical characteristics and risk factors of congenital genitourinary system malformations.Methods:153881 neonates were screened for congenital malformations from December 1985 to December 1990.181 out of 240 genitourinary system deformed cases were meanwhile compared with the same number of controls.Results:The incidence of congenital malformations was 16.62‰(2558/153881).The genitourinary system anomalies accounted for 9.38%(240/2558)of the whole malformation cases.162 of these (67.5%) were with multiply abnormalities,and the defects on central nerve system were the most common accompanied malformations.The survival rate of the neonates with genitourinary system malformations was 35.83%.Undescended testicle,hypostadia and indetemine sex were the most frequent (89.53%) abnormalities among the survivors.Statistically,catching cold and fever,contacting with toxic substances,smoking during pregnancy and having family history were risk factors for the congenital malformations.Conclusions:Genitourinary system malformations are among common malformations.Risk preventing during pregnancy and prenatal diagnosis should be stressed,and the survivors should be diagnosed and treated in time.