中国7城市婴儿辅食添加状况调查

Study on the Infant Complementary Feeding Practices in Seven Cities.

【目的】 了解目前城市婴儿辅食添加的状况及其影响因素。 【方法】 采用分层整群抽样的方法 ,对北京、长春、呼和浩特、洛阳、西安、昆明以及厦门 7个城市内 1 1 2 3例有 4～ 1 2个月婴儿的母亲进行了面对面的调查 ,采用交叉表方法分析数据。 【结果】 ①有 3 5%的婴儿在 4个月前已经开始添加了一种或一种以上的辅食 ;4～ 6个月时已添淀粉、水果、蔬菜、鸡蛋、鱼 /肉和豆制品的比例分别是 83 %、70 %、75%、79%、67%和 64 % ;到 6个月时添加一种及以上辅食的婴儿比例为 99% ,6种辅食全部都添加的达 62 %。淀粉、水果、蔬菜、鸡蛋添加次数为每天 1次及以上的比例在 70 %及以上 ,而鱼 /肉和豆制品仅为 45%和 3 2 %。②促进婴儿 4～ 6个月之间开始添加辅食的母亲方面因素有 :职业为工人或干部、产后恢复工作、接受过辅食添加的宣传教育、正确掌握有关辅食添加的知识、知识来源于大众媒体、保健人员和医护人员等。 【结论】 目前城市 4～ 6个月的辅食添加率较高 ,应限制 4个月以前开始添加辅食。应给广大育龄妇女提供更多、更好、更新的有关正确添加辅食的宣传教育 。

To assess infant complementary feeding practices in urban areas and associated factors. A cross sectional study was conducted in August and October 2000.Seven citieswere chosen as the survey sites including Beijing,Changchun,Huhehaote,Xi'an,Luoyang,Kunming and Xiamen.1 123 eligible mothers in selected districts and randomly sampled communities with babies between 4 to 12 months of age were interviewed.. ①The findings show that 35% of babies hadbeen given at least one kind of complimentary food by four months of age.The percentages of baby beginning to receive starch,fruit,vegetable,egg,meat,bean products were 83%,70%,75%,79%,67% and 64%,respectively,during 4～6 months after birth.It was also found that almost all(99%) of babies had started at least one kindof complimentary food by seven months of age,and 62% of babies had started allkinds by seven months of age.Information on the frequency of complimentary feeding demonstrated that over 70% babies were fed starch,fruit,vegetable and egg once a day or above,only were 45% and 32% babies fed meat and bean products once aday or above.②Factors related to mother and promoting the complementary feedingrate at 4～6 months of age were mother being worker or professional,mother returning to work after delivery,receiving health education regarding complementaryfeeding,the knowledge about complementary feeding,the sources of knowledge aboutcomplementary feeding being the media,medical staff,health worker. [Conclusions] The situation of complementary feedingin urban areas is better than before,but the practice of complementary feeding before 4 months should be restricted.The more,better and newly developed information of health education regarding complementary feeding should be supported forwomen in districts.