摘要
目的：观察葛根素在减轻豚鼠卡那霉素耳中毒中的作用。方法：豚鼠３０只随机分为两组：对照组１５只，肌注卡那霉素４００ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ），共１２ｄ；葛根素组１５只，除肌注卡那霉素４００ｍｇ（ｋｇ／ｄ）外，腹腔注射葛根素１０ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ），共１２ｄ。比较耳郭反射、内耳生物电及听觉诱发电位。结果：（１）耳郭反射阈（ＰＲ）变化：对照组２６耳２、４、８ｋＨｚ ３个频率听力均下降，异常率为８７％；葛根素组仅６耳于上述３个频率听力下降，异常率仅为２０％；两者差异有高度显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）；（２）内耳生物电：０、８０ｄＢ短声刺激引起的耳蜗微音器电位（ＣＭ）与听神经电位（Ｎ１）的幅值葛根素组明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）；（３）听觉诱发电位（ＢＡＥＰｓ）：ＢＡＥＰｓ阈值对照组明显高于葛根素组（Ｐ＜０．０５）；各波幅值则明显低于葛根素组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：葛根素能减轻卡那霉素耳毒性，对卡那霉素耳中素具有一定的保护作用，为耳毒性抗生素致聋的防治提供了新的研究途径。
Objective: To observe the protective role of puerarin in the ototoxicity of guinea pigs induced by kanamycin.Method:30 guinea pigs were divided evently into two groups.15 guinea pigs in control group were given kanamycin 400mg/(kg·d) by muscular injection for 12 days.Another 15 guinea pigs,except giving kanamycin injection,were injected puerarin 10 mg/(kg·d)by abdomin for 12 days.The Prayer's reflex threshold,endocochlear potentials and brainstem auditory evoked potentials in two groups were compared by non-paired test.Results:(1)Changes of Prayer's reflex threshold in two groups:26 ears in control group had elevated threshold to 2,4,8kHz frequence with ototoxicity rate of 87%.Only 6 ears in puerarin groups had abnormal threshold and the ototoxicity rate was 20%.The difference between two gruops was significant (P＜0.01).(2)Endocochlear potentials:cochlear microphone potentials(CM) and auditory nerve potentials (N１) induced by 0 dB and 80 dB click were higher in amplitude in puerarin group (P＜0.05).(3)Brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs):The threshold of BAEPs was increased by kanamycin in control group and the amplitude of BAEPs wave was lower than that of puerarin group. Conclusion:Puerarin can relieve the ototoxicity of kanamycin in guinea pigs and plays a protective role in the hearing injury induced by kanamycin.Puerarin is useful for the prevention of ototoxicity induced by ototoxic antiseptic drug.
