黄河下游河床变迁与新构造运动

Evolution and New Tectonic Movement of River Bed of the Lower Huanghe River

黄河以其含沙量大,善淤、善决、善于迁徙闻名于世。有史记载以来,黄河下游河道变迁,北宋以前多在现行河道以北、东北流入渤海;南宋至清末,改在现行黄河以南,经淮河流入黄海;清末至今,由现行河道复东北注入渤海。历史时期内,黄河下游河道多次迁徙,河道的走向与新的地质构造运动有关,多沿新构造运动所形成的活动断裂线分布,呈西南—东北、东—西或西北—东南向。

The Huanghe River is world-famous for its hyper-sediment concentration and apt to siltation, breach and river course changing. The historical records shows that evolution of the course of the lower Huanghe River in the North Song Dynasty was mainly located in the north and northeast of the present river course and emptying into the Bohai Sea; from the South Song Dynasty to the end of Qing Dynasty, the river course was located in the south of the present one, emptying into the Huang Sea via Huaihe River; and from the end of the Qing Dynasty up to now, it is back to the northeast and emptying into the Bohai Sea again. The course of the lower Huanghe River changed many times in history. The strike of the course is related to the new tectonic movement, that is distributed along the active fracture line formed by new tectonic movement in the direction of southwest-northeast, east-west or northwest-southeast.