外源基因及异常种质增强棉花杂种优势

Foreign Genes and Alien Germplasm Enhance Heterosis in Cotton

20世纪 90年代我国杂交棉飞跃发展 ,全国杂交棉种植面积自 1990年的 1.4 7万 hm2 (占 0 .3% )到 1999年增长至37.83万 hm2 (占 10 .3% )。其中一个重要原因是具有外源基因及异常种质的亲本所配制的杂交种表现出超常的杂种优势 ,在生产上获得良好效果和效益。并从中总结出亲本选配的客观要求是遗传上的“求大同 ,存小异”。但其内在原因与机理尚不清楚 ,很有必要对此深入研究。

Hybrid cotton developed rapidly in China in the 1990s?The area planted to hybrid cotton expanded from 14 7 thousand hm 2(0 3%)in 1990 to around 378 3thousand hm 2(10 3%)in 1999?One of the important contributors was utilization of hybrid varieties showing super-heterosis that was achieved by using parents with foreign gense and alien germplasm?It is conclnded that parental cultivars with similarity in most important characters but some genetically diverse should be selected to develop superior hybrid varieties?Right now we do not understand the instinctive reasons and the mechanism for this kind of super-heterosis caused by foreign genes and alien germplasm in cotton,therefore,it is imperative to initiate investigation on this field?