艾滋病预防与控制的政策研究(一)——艾滋病防治的方法

The policy study of AIDS prevention and control ( 1) - The measures of AIDS prevention and care

有关艾滋病预防和治疗的研究既是一项政策性很强的社会系统研究,同时也是一项需要多学科间进行合作的应用性研究。艾滋病防治的方法可主要分为检测和监测,宣传、教育和行为干预,治疗、咨询和支助这三个方面。本文是在分析以上三个方面之间,以及每一个方面的各个要素之间存在着的相互关系的基础上,对艾滋病防治的方法和政策进行系统地研究。并且,关于艾滋病防治政策的研究应该包括制定相应的法律与法规,运用以上的各种艾滋病防治的方法来制定和实施艾滋病防治的规划,解决吸毒、卖淫、非法卖血,改善妇女的社会地位,保障HIV/AIDS的人权等社会问题。最后,必须建立艾滋病防治政策实施的监视与评价系统。

The research about prevention and control of AIDS is a social systematic research with clear policy nature, and it is also an applied research needs cooperation between many areas.The measures of prevention and control of AIDS include mainly:first, inspection and surveillance; second, propaganda, education, and behavior intervention; third, treatment, counseling and support. This paper focused on systemic research about prevention and control of AIDS, on the basis of analyzing of the correlation between the three domains of measures, and the relation exists in items of each domain. Moreover, the research about the policy of prevention and control of AIDS includes: making and enforcing laws and regulations, forming and enacting AIDS prevention projects by various measures of prevention and control of AIDS mentioned above, solving social problems such as intravenous drug injection, prostitution, illegal dealing of blood, low woman social status, and security of HIV/AIDS -related human rights. Finally, a monitoring and evaluation system for enforcement of the policy of AIDS prevention and care must be established.