从清儒的臧否中看《左传》杜注

Qing Scholars' Comments on Du's Commentaries

晋代杜预所作的《春秋经传集解》 (后人简称之为“杜解”或“杜注”) ,是现存唯一完整的《左传》古注。清代学者们从义理和考证两个方面对《左传》杜注进行了臧否 ,其作品数量之多、涉及方面之广与考语分量之重 ,都超过了前代。清儒对于杜注既有所舍又有所取 ,在取舍中把注释《左传》的水平提高了一大步 ,尽管他们对杜注的某些批评今天已经被证伪。从这一意义上来说 ,清儒不仅是杜注的批评者 ,而且是杜注的继承者与发扬者。总之 ,在清儒的臧否中 ,《左传》杜注经受住了最严峻的考验 。

Du Yu's Commentaries on Zuo Zhuan (abbreviated as Du's Commentaries) is the only work as commentaries on Zuo Zhuan handed down from ancient times. It met a severe criticism by the scholars in the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), which poured out in both theoretical and textual studies. It is true that the Qing Scholars' criticism improves the study of Zuo Zhuan. But the scholars themselves cannot only be thought of as the critics of but also as successors to Du Yu because they absorb much more from Du's Commentaries than abandon, still more that some of their negative comments are falsified today. Generally speaking, Du's Commentaries withstands the most severe falsification thus far. Its values cannot be neglected.