聚乙烯醇的熔融纺丝

MELT SPINNING OF POLYVINYLALCOHOL

熔融纺丝是一种最简单、高效的纺丝法。由于聚乙烯醇(PVA)的热分解点根接近其熔点,故通常只采用溶液纺丝法(湿纺或干纺)。为实现PVA的熔融纺丝,已作出许多努力来降低其熔点。这可以用溶剂增塑、共聚和共混等增塑(改性)技术来达到。近年来,有关PVA的熔纺研究非常活跃。本文首次就这一课题进行评述,介绍上述几种增塑技术的物化原理和近年来研究进展情况。

Melt spinning is the most simple and effective technique for producing synthetic fibers. Since the decomposion temperature of PVA is very close to its melting point, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is spun into fibers currently by solution spinning (either wet or dry process) only. For realizing the melt spinning of PVA, many attempts have been made to lower the melting point of PVA, it can be done by several plasticization techniques such as solvent plasticization, copolymerization and blend spinning. Recently, researches in this area are very active, in this paper the physical and chemical principles of the plasticization technique are introduced and the late developments on this subject are reviewed.