外部垄断与内部竞争:论农村信用社的非制度性变迁

External Monopoly and Internal Competition: The Non-institutional Changes of RCCs

国有商业银行、农村基金会逐渐撤出后把广阔的农村金融市场留给了农村信用社 ,过去公有制金融对农村金融市场的垄断事实上已演变成一时难以改观的农村信用社的外部垄断。这种外部垄断 ,虽在短期内可能对农村信用社摆脱经营困境、增强盈利水平等方面有积极作用 ,但长期看来 ,又极有可能引发农村信用社系统的工作惰性 ,减缓深化改革的进程。在现阶段 ,激活内部竞争 ,一则可在很大程度上减弱外部垄断所带来的负面影响 ,二则为下一步深化改革做好必要的铺垫和准备 ,是农村信用社最近几年需要认真研究的重大课题。从实践看 ,着眼于内部职工之间、信用社法人之间的竞争 ,以一定的技术安排取代成本较高的制度变迁 ,是合乎逻辑的现实选择。

Accompanied by the withdrawal of commercial banks and rural cooperative funds from rural financial market, rural credit cooperatives (RCCs) have taken over the monopoly in the market. In short-run, the market power may bring RCCs excess profit. However, monopoly definitely causes adverse effect on RCCs long-run performance. In practice, a non-institutional arrangement, internal and external competition, is a reasonable technical alternative.