老年视力残疾患者的视觉康复

Visual Rehabilitation of the Old Patients with Visual Activity Disability

目的分析我国 80年代与 90年代老年低视力的病因学及变化 ,探讨助视器在老年低视力患者中的应用效果。方法对 10 3例 (198眼 ) >6 0岁老年视力残疾患者的视力情况进行分析 ,其中盲 2 4例 ,低视力 79例 ,盲∶低视力为 1∶ 3.3。 5 9例老年患者选配了远用单筒或双筒望远镜助视器 ;44例选配了近用眼镜助视器。结果低视力门诊的病因学结果显示老年患者中第 1位致盲和低视力的眼病是高度近视 (31.10 % ) ;第 2位是老年黄斑变性(15 .5 3% ) ;第 3位是青光眼 (10 .6 8% )。通过配用光学助视器 ,原 2 2眼盲视力均提高≥ 0 .0 5 ,有 37眼≥ 0 .5 ;近用眼镜助视器 31眼≥ 0 .5。结论光学助视器对低视力是必备的且有效的 ,可明显提高老年视力残疾患者的视力 ,改善视功能 。

Objective To analyze etiology of low vision in the old patients between 1980's and 1990's and investigate the application of low vision aids in the old patients with low visual activity disability. Methods The changes of visions in 103 cases (198 eyes) of low vision patients with age over 60 were analyzed. Among them, 24 were blindness and 79 low vision with the ratio of blindness to low vision being 1∶3 3. Fifty nine old patients were prescribed monotelescopes or biotelescopes, and 44 prescribed glasses. Results The causes of visual disabled patients included high myopia (31 10 %) , age related macular degeneration (15 53 %) and glaucoma (10 68 %). There were 22 blind eyes with telescopes having visual acuities 0 05 or better, 37 eyes having acuities 0 5 or better and 31 eyes using glasses having acuities 0 5 or over. Conclusion Optical aids are necessary and effective for old low vision patients, and can obviously improve the vision and quality of life of the old patients with visual activity disability.