家兔脊髓横断自体免疫变化的实验研究

Experimental studies of changes of autoimmunity in rabbit after transection of spinal cord

目的 探讨脊髓横断 (SCT)后自体免疫反应的变化及其意义。方法 采用生物素 亲和素 (ABC)染色法、间接酶联免疫吸附法 (ELISA)及微量血清 (CH5O)溶血法分别检测脊髓下胸段 (T10～ 12 )完全横断后血清中抗脊髓抗体、损伤局部免疫复合物、血清中髓鞘碱性蛋白抗体及总补体活性。结果 SCT后第 5天 ,血清中出现抗脊髓抗体 ,第 7天横断局部出现免疫复合物 ,此时血清及脑脊液中开始产生髓鞘碱性蛋白抗体 (MBPAb) ,其Dλ 值伤后明显升高 (P <0 .0 1 )。上述变化持续至伤后 2 0d。血清补体于伤后第 3天开始升高 ,7d达高峰 ,9～ 1 4d显著下降。病理检查发现伤后 3d开始有白细胞及淋巴细胞浸润。结论 SCT后动物运动功能毫无恢复 ,而其自体免疫发生了明显改变 ,这可能是影响中枢神经系统损伤 (CNS)后神经再生和功能恢复的因素之一。

Objective To explore the changes of autoimmunity and its significance after spinal cord transection (SCT). Methods The activities for antibodies of spinal cord antigens in serum, immuncomplexes in injured location, myelin basic protein antibody in serum and the total serum complement were measured with HRP avdin biotin IgG technique, indirect enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) and the microserum hemolytic method respectively after the lower thoracic spinal cord (T 10 12 ) were transected.Results The antibodies for spinal cord antigens in serum was detectable at the 5th day after transection. At the 7th day, the immuncomplexes and the myelin basic protein antibody (MBP Ab) were detectable at the location of transcection and in serum respectively. In cerebral spinal fluid, the D λ value raised remarkably after injury ( P <0.01). The above changes lasted for 20 days. The complements increased from the 3rd day and reached its peak at the 7th day, then decreased conspicuously at the 9～14th day after transection. Pathological examination showed hemorrhage and infiltration of leukocytes and lymphocytes in grey matter as early as the 3rd day after transection. Conclusion The changes of autoimmunity function might be one of the factors that hold back nerve regeneration and functional recovery after the injury of central nerve system.