福建省残存嗜人按蚊清除效果观察

The Effect of the Surviving Anopheles anthropophagus Eradicated in Fujian Province

目的 :清除残存嗜人按蚊 ,阻断疟疾传播。方法 :搜索残存嗜人按蚊 ,实施溴氰菊酯浸泡蚊帐灭蚊 ,复查所有嗜人按蚊分布点 ,评价清除效果。结果 :1989～ 1994年 ,于建阳、武夷山、邵武、顺昌和三元等县 (市、区 )发现残存嗜人按蚊分布点 42个 ,嗜人按蚊占人房按蚊组成的 2 6 .2 0 %。 2 0 0 1年完成闽北地区灭蚊后全部嗜人按蚊分布点的复查工作 ,95 .80 %分布点经 2～ 3次以上反复性复查 ,最多达 12次 ,所有复查点均未再捕获嗜人按蚊。1988年清除工作前 ,分布区疟疾发病 1381例 ,年发病率为 4.47/万。采取措施后 ,疟疾发病率显著下降 ,1995年后 ,嗜人按蚊分布区未再发生疟疾暴发流行。 1998～ 2 0 0 1年 ,未发现当地疟疾感染者。结论 :闽北地区嗜人按蚊已被清除 ,当地疟疾传播得到有效阻断。

Objective:To eradicated the surviving An.anthropophagus and cut off malaria dissemination. Methods:To search the surviving An.anthropophagus in the malaria epidemic regions and the mosquito nets were impregnated with detamethrin. The effect of eradicatted were evaluated by investigation again and again. Result:42 villages of surviving An.anthropophagus were found in this cities or counties such as Jianyang, Wuyishan, Shaowu, Shunchang and Sanyuan in 1989-1994. An.anthropophagus was 26.8% in a total of 2 324 caught in dwelling. The control measures were carried out again and again. The total villages distributed An.anthropophagus including surviving villages were reinvestigated and no An.anthropophagus were found. 95.8% of 258 villages were reinvestigated two to three times,with the most one for 12 times. There were 1 381 malaria cases in 1988. After the control, malaria prevalence had been controlled effectivelly and no local infection was found in 1998-2000.Conclusion:An.anthropophagus were eradicated and malaria dessemination had been controlled in Northern and Westhern of Fujian.