微乳液及微乳液聚合物的结构表征

Structure characterization of microemulsions and polymers prepared by microemulsion polymerization

介绍了微乳液及微乳液聚合物的结构特征 ,对国内外表征微乳液及其聚合物结构的方法进行了详细总结 .按结构分微乳液主要有各相同性的正相、反相及双连续微乳液 ,各相异性的上相、下相及中间相微乳液 ,各相异性的层状液晶等 .对微乳液的结构表征主要包括对微乳液内部分散相结构形态的表征以及对相转变点的界定 .通过微乳液聚合可得到纳米聚合物材料及孔状聚合物材料 ,对聚合物材料的结构研究主要包括高分子的链结构和聚集态结构的表征 ,对孔状材料还包括对孔径及孔径分布。

Structure characterization of microemulsions and polymers prepared by microemulsion polymerization were summarized. The development of structure characterization methods were reviewed in detail. Depending on the structure, microemulsions could be classified into isotropic solutions of oil-in-water, bicontinuous and water-in-oil microemulsions; aeolotropic solutions of up-phase, middle-phase and down-phase microemulsions; aeolotropic layer liquid crystals. The structure characterization of microemulsions was concentrated on the morphology of dispersed phase and the determination of phase shift point. Nanometer polymers and solid porous materials could be obtained by microemulsion polymerization. The structure measurements of such polymers focused on the characterization of polymer chains and aggregation states. The continuity and distribution of the microporous were also considered as to porous materials.