保种与选育的关系研究——荣昌猪纯繁及导血选育保种结果分析

STUDIES ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONSERVATION AND BREEDING --Analysis of Pure Breeding and Cross Breeding Rongchang Pig

为验证保种与选育相结合的保种方法的可行性 ,本文系统地分析了荣昌猪相同方向的纯繁选育及导血选育的试验结果。事实证明 ,只要目标明确 ,保种与选育是完全可以同时进行的 ,两者并不对抗。通过分析还发现了荣昌猪保种与开发利用的另一新的有效途径 ,即荣昌猪♂× (丹麦长白猪♂×荣昌猪♀ )♀的导入杂交 (含外血 2 5 % )选育模式。引入适当的外血选育的目的是为保存荣昌猪的优点 (如肉质好等 ) ,改正其缺点 (如生长慢等 )。选育结果表明 ,其生产比较符合国内市场需求的瘦肉型要求 ,现阶段瘦肉率 (瘦肉率既是荣昌猪的保种性状 ,也是选育提高的性状 )已达 5 2 .6 3%。

The effect of selection and introductive crossing and two main factors influencing SC theory were analyzed with Rongchang pig historic information from Sichuan Pig Research Institute A conclusion that Rongchang Pig's conservation was closely related to selection and breeding was gives out.For a long time,neither a specific population for its conservation was set up nor RC measure was adopted to it.Since much attention was paid to Rongchang pig's specific characters in its selecting and breeding program,the selection and breeding goal was partly.accordant with that of conservation.Although Rongchang Pig's selection involved some other economic characters,such as faster growing,nearly all the conservation characters were included in the breeding ones.Because of the negative correlation to main economic characters and less attention paid to their conservation,a few specific characters of Rongchang pig ,such as high quality white brstles ,were lost.On the whole,the analyzing results with information of Rongchang pig supported SC theory effectively.It is practical to combine conservation with selecting and breeding as the basic means of SC.