山东大豆种质资源主要农艺性状遗传潜势分析

GENETIC POTENTIAL OF MAIN AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS OF SOYBEAN GERMPLASM RESOURCES IN SHANDONG PROVINCE

以山东省97个不同类型代表性大豆品种和常用亲本品种为试材,估算了10个主要农艺性状的总体平均值、遗传变异系数、遗传力、遗传进度以及9个性状与单株粒重的遗传相关系数、相关遗传进度等遗传参数。分析结果表明:(1)单株粒数、株高和有效荚数遗传力高,遗传进度大;(2)开花期、生育日数和百粒重遗传力高,遗传进度小;(3)底荚高、主茎节数和分枝数遗传力小,遗传进度也小;(4)单株粒重遗传力最低,遗传进度也很小。在杂种早期世代选择中以第一类性状选择效果最好。

Ninty-seven various types of representative soybean varieties and parents often used in Shandong were chosed as expreimental materials for estimation of population mean,genetic coefficient of variation,heritability and genetic advance of ten main agronomic characters,and relation of nine characters to genetic parameters such as genetic correlation coefficient and correlation genetic advance of seed weight per plant.The results were as follows.(1)Heritabilities of seed per plant,plant height and effective pods were high and the genetic advances were rapid.(2)Heritabilities of flowering duration,days from sowing to maturation,and 100-seed weight were strong,but the genetic abvances were slow.(3)Heritabilities of lowest pod height,nodes of main stem and number of branches were weak and the genetic advances hesitative.(4)Heritability of seed weight per plant was lowest and the genetic advance negligible.These indicated that in early generations of hybrids,results of selection for first type characters was best.