小麦与高冰草体细胞杂种F_3～F_5代的耐盐性研究

Study on salt-tolerance of F_3-F_5 hybrids originated from somatic hybridization between wheat and Agropyron elongatum

小麦与耐盐牧草高冰草的不对称体细胞杂交 ,获得表型象普通小麦的体细胞杂种后代并用于小麦耐盐实验 ,用不同浓度的NaCl处理小麦、高冰草、小麦和高冰草体细胞杂种F4 代株系Ⅰ - 1- 6、Ⅱ - 1- 3、Ⅱ - 1- 6 ,5天后观察其形态 ,计算耐盐指数 ,测定生长量 (鲜重、干重及相对含水量 )。结果表明 :亲本济南177耐盐性最差 ;杂种F4 代Ⅰ - 1- 6、Ⅱ - 1- 3、Ⅱ - 1- 6的耐盐性介于双亲之间 ,在山东省不同地区 0 3%～0 6 %的盐地中 ,对F3～F5代部分杂种株系进行栽培试验 ,结果表明 ,在 0 3 %～ 0 4%的盐地中其千粒重 40～5 5g ,6 6 6 7m2 产量为 35 0～ 45 0kg ;在 0 5 %～ 0 6 %的盐地中 ,千粒重 35～ 45g ,6 6 6 7m2 产量为 2 6 0～ 32 0kg。

Through asymmetric somatic hybridization between wheat ( Triticum aestivum) and Agropyron elongatum which has salt-tolerant trait, somatic hybrid wheat plants and their progenies were obtained The seedlings of wheat, A elongatum and their somatic hybrid F 4 progeny lines Ⅰ-1-6,Ⅱ-1-3,Ⅱ-1-6 with phenotypes resembling that of wheat were treated by different concentrations of NaCl After 5 days of treatment in NaCl solution, their morphology was observed and salt-tolerance index and growth rates including fresh weight, relative dry weight and relative water content were measured The results showed that A elongatum had higher tolerance to salt but wheat was sensitive, while the NaCl-tolerance of hybrid F 4 progeny lines Ⅰ-1-6,Ⅱ-1-3,Ⅱ-1-6 were between their parents Some of F 3-F 5 hybrid lines were planted in 0 3%-0 6% saline soil In 0 3%-0 4% saline soil, their yields and 1000-grain-weights were 5250-6750kg/hm 2 and 40-55g respectively; in 0 5%-0 6% saline soil, 3900-4800kg/hm 2 and 35-45g Comparing with other salt-tolerant wheat, the hybrid lines had higher yields in high salt condition such as in 0 6% saline soil