小麦-黑麦远缘杂交后代储藏蛋白遗传变异分析

Genetic Variation Of Storage Protein in Advanced Lines Derived From Wheat×Rye Hybrids

运用A PAGE和SDS PAGE电泳技术分析了 85份小麦 -黑麦远缘杂交后代及母本绵阳 11的种子储藏蛋白组成。结果为 :① 78 8%的材料在醇溶蛋白的ω区不同于亲本绵阳 11,其中 5 6 5 %的材料具有黑麦的特征带型Gli B1l,属于 1B/ 1R染色体易位 ,另外的 2 2 3%的变异材料与绵阳 11的差异在于 1～ 2条带纹的有无或表达剂量的不同 ;②供试材料中共分离出 7种高分子量谷蛋白亚基类型 ,其中母本绵阳 11的亚基在各位点上所占比例最高 ,亚基 1(5 3% )、7+8(5 4 % )、5 +10 (87% ) ,在非母本类型中N和 7+9的比例也较高 ;在 85份供试材料中共检测到 8种亚基组合 ,其中母本类型 (1,7+8,5 +10 )和非母本类型 (N ,7+9,5 +10 )占有较高的比例 ,分别为 36 5 %、31 7%。上述结果说明 ,运用单体附加外源染色体将黑麦基因引入普通小麦后可引起杂交后代醇溶蛋白和高分子麦谷蛋白亚基的变异 ,获得较多的变异材料 ,这些材料对丰富普通小麦的遗传资源以及对小麦品质的改良将会有重要作用。

High molecular weight Glutein subunits (HMW GS) and gliadin were investigated in 85 advanced lines derived from wheat×Rye hybrids with their parent, a wheat line MianYang11 (MY11) by using SDS PAGE and A PAGE. The differences between 67 tested materials and MY11 were found at the ω gliadin including 48 advanced lines with Gli B1l loci. Among additional 22 3 percent of materials studied, there were one two gliadin patterns or difference of expression quantity in some alleles. Seven types of HMW GS controlled by Glu 1 loci were found among 85 advanced lines. Three subunits 1, 7+8, 5+10 which MY11 had were the most at each loci. And N, 7+9 which MY11 had not higher frequency. Eight types of HMW GS compositions and seven types different from MY11 were also found. Among eight types compositions, the frequencies of two compositions including (1, 7+8, 5+10) and (N, 7+9, 5+10) were higher, with 36 5% and 31 7% correspondingly. Those results reveal that after gene s of Rye are transferred into wheat by applying the method of chromosome engineering, the gliadin and HMW GS of storage protein in hybrids will be mutated. So the more genetic varieties of gliadin and glutein will be achieved which will improve wheat quality breeding.