HSV-1致Hela细胞凋亡的扫描电镜及透射电镜观察

The TEM and SEM observation of apoptotic Hela cells infected by HSV-1

目的 探讨HSV 1感染Hela细胞时 ,是否发生凋亡。方法 用扫描电镜及透射电镜观察感染 72h的Hela细胞的形态变化。结果 正常的Hela细胞表面有丰富的微绒毛。细胞间隔清晰 ,可见幼稚连接 ,连接不紧密。胞浆内线粒体嵴结构完整 ,并可见大量的粗面内质网及游离核糖体 ,极少的脂滴。细胞核内多为常染色体 ,核仁清晰 ,核浆比约 1∶1。凋亡细胞中核内异染色质增多 ,染色质浓缩成块状 ,边集于核膜。线粒体轻度肿胀 ,溶酶体代偿性增多。核膜、胞膜、各细胞器膜均完整。坏死细胞的染色质呈不规则的团块状 ,但不象凋亡细胞那样集中于核周边。细胞膜、核膜和细胞器的结构破坏 ,线粒体空泡变 ,细胞崩解 ,胞浆及其内容物外泄。HSV 1感染的Hela细胞体积明显缩小 ,核浆比例明显增加。细胞表面的微绒毛断裂、减少 ,细胞膜球状突起。核膜完整 ,核致密 ,呈块状分布 ,边集于核膜。细胞膜、细胞器结构完整。可见出泡现象和凋亡小体形成现象。在胞核内可见病毒体。结论 ①HSV 1感染Hela细胞时 ,造成细胞死亡形式是核死亡形式即凋亡 ;②HSV 1感染Hela细胞时 ,细胞凋亡占绝对优势 。

Objective To detect whether Hela cells infected by HSV 1 undergo apoptosis.Methods We observed cellular morphologic changes at 72h after infections with SEM and TEM.Results There were rich microvilli on the surface of normal cells.The cell intervals were clear and they were immature intervals which are not close.The structure of the mitochondria in the cytoplasm was integrated and there were many rough endoplasm reticulum,ribosome and a little lipid droplet.Most chromatin in nucleus was euchromatin and nucleolus was clear,the ratio of nucleus and plasma was 1∶1.The heterochromatin increased in the apoptosis cells.The chromatin concentrated into masses,on the boundary of the membrane of nucleus.The mitochondria intumesced a little and the lysosome increased.The membrane of the cell,nucleus and cell organ were all swollen complete.The chromatin of necrosis cell was irregular,but it doesn't lie in the boundary of the membrane of nucleus like apoptosis.The structure of cell membrane,nucleus membrane and cell organ were all destroyed.The mitochondria took on changes of balloon,cell disintegrations and plasma leakages.The volume of the cells which are infected by HSV 1 decresed apparently,and the ration of nucleus and plasma increased apparently.The microvilli on the surface of the cells ruptured and decreased.The membrane of the cell bulged into ballon.The membrane of nucleus was complete,and the chromatin concentrated into masses,and on the boundary of the membrane.The membrane of cell and cell organ were complete.We could observe the phenomena of budding and the formation of the apoptosis body.There were HSV 1 virion in the nucleus.Conclusion ①The death type of Hela cells infected by HSV 1 is apoptosis;②When Hela cells were infected by HSV 1,apoptosis predominates absolutely,and there is necrosis at the same time.