小麦茎秆维管束数与穗部性状关系的研究

STUDY ON THE RELATION BETWEEN FIBROVASCULAR BUNDLE NUMBER IN STALK AND SPIKE CHARACTER OF WHEAT

小麦茎秆内有中央维管束和周缘维管束两个相对独立的系统。中央维管束数以基部第二、三伸长节间最多,第一和第四伸长节间略少;周缘维管束以第三、四伸长节间最多,第一、二伸长节间次之,穗下茎两种维管束数明显减少。第二伸长节间维管束敷与小穗数呈显著正相关。第三伸长节间维管束数与穗粒数呈显著正相关,同时第二伸长节问与穗下茎的维管束数存在着明显的直线回归关系,合理调控播种期和氮磷肥料,均可增加茎秆内的维管束数,从而达到壮秆、大穗、粒多。

Central fibrovascular bundle and edge fibrovascular bundle are two relatively independent fibrovascular systems in wheat stalk.The second and third extend internodes of the base have the largest number of central fibrovascular bundle,next to them are the first and fourth.The third and fourth extend internodes have the largest number of edge fibrovascular bundle,next to them are the first and second.The number of the two kinds of fibrovaseular bundles is very small in the stem under the spike.The fibrovascular bundle number in the second extend internode is remarkably and positively correlated to the number of the spikelet,and that in the third one is remarkably and positively correlated to the kernel number per spike,and at the same time,the fibrovaseular bundle number of the second extend internode has remarkable straight regression relation with that of the stem under the spike.Sowing in proper time and with proper nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer applied could increase the fibrovaseular bundle number of the stalk and make the stalk stronger,the spike larger and the kernel more.