国际教育贸易与大学市场化趋势——加入WTO后中国大学面临的挑战与机遇

International Trade of Education and the Trend Towards Market-oriented Operation of Chinese Universities: Challenge and Opportunity for Chinese Universities after China's Entry into WTO

国际教育贸易是大学市场化的典型行为，中国已成为世界最大教育贸易“逆差”国。逐步开放国外学历教育将导致教育资源的重新配置，并因此对中国大学，尤其是知名大学产生较大影响。中国的大学应积极迎接挑战，借此机遇加快现代大学教育制度的建设，转变办学观念，实现海内外知名大学的“双赢”，提升中国大学的国际竞争力。

Internaional trade of education is a typical behavior of market- oriented operation of universities. China has become the biggest country of trade deficit in the international trade of education.Opening the degree education to the outside world will result in re-distribution of the educational resources, hence great impact on the country's universi- ties especially the brand universities. In the face of the challenge, Chinese universities must take advantage of this op- portunity to speed up the establishment of the modern university education system, adapting to the new concept of edu- cation for the hope of achieving mutual benefits for brand universities both at home and overseas, and increasing the competitiveness of Chinese Universities.