鹌鹑的遗传多样性研究

Genetic diversity of quail populations

采用同工酶电泳技术 ,对陕西省大规模饲养的 2个蛋用品系鹌鹑群体的遗传多样性进行了分析。结果表明 ,两个群体中每个位点的等位基因平均数为 1.87,多态位点比率为 6 0 % ;引用国外同类研究结果 ,对国内外 2 1个鹌鹑群体用 7个多态位点的基因频率计算标准遗传距离并进行系统聚类 ,结果在 0 .12 5 2 6 7水平上 2 1个群体聚为 2类——野生群体和家养群体 ,家养群体中大体重鹌鹑与一般体重鹌鹑遗传距离较远 ;且 Mpi- IC,Mpi- ID和α- Gpd B基因为野生鹌鹑特有的基因 ,野生鹌鹑群体的基因多样度低于家养鹌鹑 ,在中性位点家养群体比现存同种野生群体保持着更高的基因杂合度。

Using allozyme electrophoresis technique,genetic diversity of two quail populations was detected.The average number of alleles per locus in two quail populations was 1.87.The percentage of polymorphic loci is 60%.Quoting forigen research results,the standard genetic distances among quail groups were caculated with gene frequencies of 7 polymorphic loci,and cluster analysis was done with the standard genetic distances.It was showed that wild quail groups and domestic quail groups were clustered respectively.There was apparent difference between giant and normal groups.It was found that the genes of Mpi-Ⅰ\+C,Mpi-Ⅰ\+D and α-Gpd\+B were existed uniquely in wild quail populations.The results indicated that the average gene diversity(H)of wild quail populations was lower than that of domestic quail populations.It was significant for defining the relationship between domestic and wild populations.