外界扰动诱发地质灾害的机理分析

MECHANISM ANALYSIS ON GEOLOGICAL HAZARDS TRIGGERED BY EXTERNAL DISTURBANCE

从非线性科学的角度较为深入地探讨了扰动（即地震、暴雨、人类工程活动等外荷载）诱发地质灾害发生的机理。将扰动诱发地质灾害发生的机理归结为两种效应：临界微扰效应和超前强扰效应，这两种效应能很好地解释扰动诱发地质灾害发生的多种现象。研究结果表明，当地质体的演化已经处于临界稳定状态时，微小的扰动便可以诱发地质灾害的发生。当地质体的演化仅处于接近临界稳定状态时，强烈的扰动也可以诱发地质灾害提前发生。

The forming mechanism of geological hazards triggered by external disturbance such as earthquakes, rainstorms and engineering activities, etc., is analyzed deeply by means of nonlinear science. And the forming mechanism is summarized to two effects: effect of micro-disturbance under critical condition and effect of macro-disturbance under near critical condition. A lot of phenomena about geological hazards can be explained perfectly using the two effects. The results of studies show that when the evolution of geological bodies is to the critical state. the micro-disturbance can trigger geological hazards, while if the evolution of geological bodies is near the critical state, the macro-disturbance can trigger geological hazards in advance.