上海某社区老年人综合健康功能状况及主要健康问题

Comprehensive functional status and major health problems of the aged living in a community of Shanghai

[目的 ] 了解社区老年人群的健康功能状况及最主要的健康问题。 [方法 ] 老年综合健康功能评价的横断面调查研究。 [结果 ] 该社区老年人群中综合健康损害率为 34.5 %。其中 5 8.1%的老年人至少有一项健康功能损害。 5个单项功能中损害率居前 3位的是躯体健康、经济维持能力和日常活动能力 (ADL) ,损害率分别为 41.0 %、35 .4%、15 .4%。进一步分析发现 ,这 3项功能损害各自又分别以慢性病患病率高、工具性日常活动能力 (IADL)损害和经济收入低、缺乏经济储备能力、医疗保障差为主。不同年龄、性别、文化程度、职业和婚姻状况的老年人之间 ,5项功能损害率差异都有统计学意义。 [结论 ] 躯体健康、ADL和经济维持能力损害是该社区老年人中最主要的健康问题 ,三者往往同时出现在同一老年人身上。

Objective To assess the comprehensive functional status and identify the main health problems of the aged living in a community of Shanghai. Methods A cross WT7' - WT5' sectional study of comprehensive functional assessment was conducted. Results Among 2059 community WT7' - WT5' dwelling old people, the prevalence of the comprehensive functioning impairment was 34.5%. Among whom 58.1% of the aged impaired in at least one of the five dimensions. Among the five dimensions of functioning, the prevalence of the aged impaired with physical health, economic resources and ability of daily living (ADL) were the leading three. Their prevalence was 41.0%, 35.4% and 15.4% respectively. Further analysis of the three leading impaired functions indicated that physical health impairment reflected on high prevalence of chronic diseases, ADL impairment reflected on high rate of the impaired instrumental ADL, economic resources impairment reflected on low income, poor reserves and assets and uncovered medical care for many old people. The prevalence of impairment in five domain of health functioning were significantly different among the aged with different age, sex, educational level, occupation and marital status separately. Conclusion The high impairment in physical health, ADL and economic resources were major problems for the aged in the target community.