认知语境与话语理解

Cognitive Context and Utterance Interpretation

人类的语言交际是一个认知过程 ,是以相关为前提对认知语境要素不断进行选择而获得理解的动态过程。交际双方认知心理状态的趋同是交际顺利进行的保障 ,即发话者对对方认知语境的假设与理解的期待与受话人的真实认知语境与理解完全或部分吻合。语境假设的不一致往往会引起交际的失败。

The interpretation of an utterance is crucially a process of cognitive inference instead of a mere process of decoding.It involves constant selection of contextual elements conditioned by the seeking of optimal relevance.Inconsistency of contextual assumptions between the speaker and the hearer is bound to lead to misunderstanding.