精神分裂症病人乙型肝炎病毒感染的血清流行病学调查及护理

A serum epidemiological survey of HBV infection in patients with schizophrenia and nursing care strategy

目的 对精神分裂症病人的乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV)感染的血清流行病学进行调查研究 ,以探讨精神病人在住院过程中如何避免HBV感染。方法 对 6 93例住院精神分裂症病人的HBV感染状况进行流行病学调查 ,并与同期 131例综合性医院骨科住院病人和 2 82例本院健康体检人员作对照研究。结果 精神分裂症病人、骨科病人和门诊健康体检人员累积感染率分别为73.73%、5 5 .73 %、8.5 1% ;其中精神分裂症病人的HBV感染率与骨科病人和健康体检人员比较有显著性差异 ,而骨科病人与健康体检人员比较 ,无显著性差异。精神分裂症病人文化程度越低 ,病程越长 ,HBV感染率越高 ,而与病人的性别、住院次数无关。结论 对精神分裂症病人的护理要注意做好隔离措施 ,防止交叉感染 ,加强健康教育 ,注意观察病情 。

ObjectiveTo survey the serum epidemiology of HBV infection in patients with schizophrenia and explore the approach to prevent HBV infection during hospitalization.MethodsThe survey was performed in view of the serum epidemiology of HBV infection in 693 inpatients with schizophrenia. A control study was done on 131 orthopaedic inpatients in another hospital and 282 persons receiving health examination in our hospital.ResultsHBC accumulative infection rates were 73.73%, 55.73% and 58.5% in the above 3 groups respectively. The infection rate of schizophrenic patients was significantly higher than those of orthopaedic patients and normal controls. The lower their education, the longer the disease course, the higher HBV infection rate was in the schizophrenics, but it was not associated with gender and times of hospitalization.ConclusionThe nursing care strategy for patients with schizophrenia includes isolation to prevent cross infection, health education , close observation and nutritional consideration.