论陇西李暠家族

A Theme on Li Hao's Family in Western Gansu

陇西李氏并非魏晋旧族 ,而是鲜卑贵族、汉士族合流时出现的新士族。陇西李氏先世前汉时是武将世家 ,在汉魏晋门阀形成、发展过程中 ,已衰落为陇西寒门。晋末十六国时期 ,陇西李氏开始崛起。北魏初年李建立西凉 ,其家族成为小王国的王室。西凉灭亡后 ,李子孙仕魏。李氏作为亡国小朝廷的后裔加入北魏政权 ,失去了豪强割据的社会基础。李氏为保持自己的社会地位 ,只有依附皇权 ,并和皇权紧密结合。正由于李氏对皇权的依附性 ,与皇权利益的一致性 ,仕魏后很快取得了与五姓七家并列的地位 ,成为当时盛门。

The Lis in Western Gansu were not an old noble family of the Kingdom of Wei and the Dynasty of Jin, but a branch of the new gentry that rose in a time when the Xianbei and the Han gentry merged. As a well known family of military officers, the ancesters of the Lis went downhill to poor commons in the course of the shaping and development of the gentry of power and influence in the Dynasty of Han, the Kingdom of Wei and the Dynasty of Jin. The Lis in Western Gansu began to rise in the period of the Sixteen States in the Late Jin Dynasty. In the Early North Wei Dynasty, Li Hao founded the Kingdom of Xiliang and his family thus became the royal family of the small kingdom. After the Downfall of Xiliang, the descendents of Li Hao served the Kingdom of Wei. The Lis, having lost their social foundation of independence as a wealthy and influential family, joined in the political power of the North Wei as the descendents of a small conquered court. In order to maintain their social status, the Lis had no choice but attach themselves to the royal power and closely combined with it. It was just because of their dependence on the royal power and harmony with its interests that the Lis soon managed to stand equal with the other seven families of the five surnames after they served the Kingdom of Wei and became again an influential family in the day.