农业生态系统中生物多样性的功能——兼论其保护途径与今后研究方向

Functions of Biodiversity in Agroecosystem-Approaches to Its Conservation and Orientation of Future Research.

重点论述了农业生态系统中生物多样性的功能 ,其功能主要表现在害虫控制、土壤侵蚀防治、退化环境恢复、消除污染和促进养分循环等方面。探讨了农业生态系统中生物多样性的保护途径及今后应开展的研究重点。

In agroecosystems,biodiversity performs a variety of ecological services beyond the production of food,including recycling of nutrients,regulation of microclimate,control of soil erosion,remediation of degraded environment,suppression of undesirable organisms and detoxification of noxious chemicals.Conservation of biodiversity in agroecosystem includes management of habitat(artificial and natural),species(targeted or planned biota and non targeted or associated biota)and genetic diversities. A proper management of habitat diversity and an ideal arrangement of planned biodiversity can enhance associated biodiversity and genetic diversity.It is suggested that the researches on functions of habitat diversity in species diversity conservation,influence of agricultural practices on species and genetic diversity and roles genetic diversity may play in fostering disaster resistance,production stability,ecological equilibrium should be emphasized.