石油化工立式炉钢结构设计中存在的问题和解决办法

Some Problems & Their Solution Methods Presented in Design of Petrochemical Vertical Heater Structure Steel

本文以某炼油厂制氢转化炉为例 ,采用壳单元模拟炉体壁板 ,进行了空间结构分析。计算结果表明 ,壁板对主体钢框架内力和变形的影响很大 ,空间杆系或平面杆系结构模型不能反映结构的实际受力情况 ;由于炉子框架结构的特殊性 ,温度变化会在炉子钢结构中产生很大的内力 ,因此 ,建议应从结构布置和构造上采取措施 ,降低温度应力。此外 ,行业标准[1] 规定 ,炉子框架柱应按有侧移框架柱确定计算长度系数 ,结果炉子框架柱很难满足最大长细比限值要求 。

A vertical tube heater is analyzed using shell element to simulate the steel wall of the heater. It can be drawn from the analysis that the steel wall can influence the internal forces and displacement of the frame structure significantly. The analysis model that only uses bar element can't get correct results. According to the layout of the heater, temperature change may cause large stress in frame members. It is necessary to change the layout of the heater to solve the problem. The authors get the conclusion that the wall can guarantee the stability of the frame members within the plane.