水稻免耕抛秧高产稳产的生理基础研究

Physiological Mechanism of High and Stable Yield of No-tillage Cast-transplanted Rice

以常规耕作抛秧水稻为对照 ,通过连续 4年的对比试验发现 ,免耕抛秧水稻具有以下特点 :前期分蘖稍慢 ,但无效分蘖时间短 ,营养损耗少 ,个体发育健壮 ,且与群体发育协调。免耕抛秧水稻灌浆期叶片光合能力较强 ,后期不易早衰 。

After 4 years' successive comparative experiments, our results showed that the no tillage cast transplanted rice, compared with the conventional tillage cast transplanted rice, grew slower at the early stage and produced less tillers, but had shorter ineffective tillering time, less nutrition consumption, stronger individual growth and more coordinating growth between the individual and colony. All these contributed to increasing percentage of productive tillers and ear quality. Furthermore, the flag leaf of no tillage cast transplanted rice had higher photosynthetic rate during filling stage than that of conventional tillage cast transplanted rice and no early senescence phenomenon was found at late stage. These facilitated the accumulation and transportation of carbohydrate and improved grain setting rate.