摘要
目的 探讨辽宁省 0～ 14岁儿童哮喘患病情况及相关因素。 方法 采用整群随机抽样调查方法。 结果 辽宁省沈阳市和大连市共调查 0～ 14岁儿童 2 0 0 75人 ,共调查出哮喘儿童 2 41人 ,患病率为 1 2 0 % ,其中儿童哮喘 175人 ( 72 6 % ) ,婴幼儿哮喘 2 1人 ( 8 7% ) ,咳嗽变异性哮喘 2 0人 ( 8 3 % ) ,可疑哮喘 (喘支 ) 2 5人 ( 10 4% )。儿童哮喘和婴幼儿哮喘 196人 ,患病率为 0 98% ,沈阳市儿童哮喘患病率为 0 76 % ,大连市为 0 82 % ,男女患病率为 1 5 0 %和 0 90 % ,两者差异显著。有 74 3 %的患者 3岁以内起病。好发季节以不定期和换季节为主 ,好发时辰以午夜发作最多 ,发作诱因主要为感冒和天气变化。 82 2 %有个人过敏史 ,一、二级亲属有哮喘史分别为 15 8%和 2 6 9%。治疗以口服支气管扩张剂和静滴激素为主 ,吸入疗法应用只占 34 4%。结论 儿童哮喘患病率明显增加 ,注意避免诱发哮喘发作的因素 。
Objective To explore the incidence of bronchial asthma and its related factors in Children 0～14 years of age in Liaoning.Methods Randomly cluster sampling method was applied.Results 241 children were examined with bronchial asthma among 20?075 children in the age of 0～14 years in Liaoning,the incidence was 1\^20%.175 cases of 241 patients(72\^6%) with asthma were elder children,21 cases (8\^7%) with asthma were young children,20 cases (8\^3%)were cough variant asthma,25 cases (10\^4%)were asthmatic bronchitis,elder and young children with asthma were 196 cases,the incidence was 0\^98%,0\^76% in Shenyang,0\^82% in Dalian,respectively.The incidence of asthma was 1\^50% in boys and 0\^90% in girls.There Was significantly difference in the incidence of asthma between boys and girls.74\^3% cases affected asthma were children lower than 3 years of age.Asthmatic attack was related with changes of the season,the attack occured most often at night time.Inducements of asthmatic attack were cold and changes of climate.82\^2% of patients with asthma had personal allergic history,one or two degree family history of asthma was 15\^8% and 26\^9%,respectively.The treatments of asthma were bron chodilators orally and glucocorticoids intravenously,only 34\^4% of patients was given glococorticoids inhalation.Conclusion The incidence of children's asthma was increased significantly.Inducement of asthmatic attack should be avoided,glucocorticoids inhalation was important and should be used extensively.
出处
《小儿急救医学》
2002年第1期11-13,共3页
Pediatric Emergency Medicine
