吸烟对牙周炎非手术治疗效果的影响

The effect of Cigarette Smoking on Periodontal Healing Following Non-surgical Therapy.

目的 了解吸烟对牙周炎非手术治疗效果的影响。方法 通过对 46例慢性牙周炎患者非手术治疗前后探诊出血、牙周袋深度和附着水平的观察 ,分析吸烟对治疗效果的影响。结果 两组患者治疗前探诊出血、牙周袋深度、附着水平无明显差异 (P >0 .0 5)。治疗后不吸烟组治疗效果好于吸烟组 ,探诊出血、牙周袋深度的改善呈显著差异 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,附着水平的改善两组无显著差异但在牙周附着丧失 >5mm的牙位呈显著差异 (P <0 .0 1 )。

Objective To observe the effect of cigarette smoking on periodontal healing following non-surgical therapy. Methods A total of 46 patients with chronic periodontitis were included in this study, 30 males and 16 females, 25 to 58 years old. Among them 22 were smokers and 24 were non-smokers. Periodontal parameters including bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth(PD) and clinical attachment level(CAL) of all teeth were taken by the same examiner at baseline and 4th weeks after therapy. Results At baseline, smokers were comparable to non-smokers in terms of mean BOP(25.6±6.28vs.27.4±5.62), mean PD(3.38±0.52vs.3.14±0.61) and mean CAL(3.75±0.58vs.3.52± 0.69) . The two groups didn't exhibit significantly difference in the status. Both study groups showed improvement in clinical parameters after treatment, but the smoker group exhibited less improvement in both parameters than non-smokers. The reduction in whole-mouth mean BOP was 18.2±3.22vs.22.3±3.83(P<0.01), and gain in mean PD was 0.75± 0.35vs . 1.18±0.42(P<0.01) in smokers compared to non-smokers. Smokers exhibited less improvement in whole-mouth CAL(0.52±0.47vs.0.84± 0.76) but not significant.The magnitude of the difference was greater if only the deep pockets(PD>5mm) were observed. Conclusion This observation indicated that cigarette smoking is detrimental to healing following non-surgical periodontal therapy.