春小麦覆膜栽培灌水效应的研究

A Study on Different Planting Ways to Spring Wheat Irrigation Effect

研究结果表明 ,春小麦覆膜穴播比露地穴播增产 2 .6 %～ 17.6 1%。覆膜 1水处理较 0水处理增产 4 0 .5 6 % ,2水处理较 1水处理增产 11.8% ,3水处理较 2水处理增产 11.34% ,4水处理较 3水处理减产 9.1%。通过对产量结构分析可知 ,限制覆膜高产的主要因素是成穗数 ,其次是穗粒数 ,再次为千粒重。丰水年 3水处理 (拔节孕穗扬花水 )和次水年 4水处理 (拔节孕穗扬花灌浆水 )可以获得较好的经济效益和社会效益。 3水处理较现行 5水或 6水灌溉制度可节水 15 0 0～ 30 0 0m3 /hm2 。

The study shows, in the condition of the limited water,the film mulching planting of spring wheat increase 2.6%～17.61% in yield than the open ground's.The treatment of the film mulching water 1 increases 40.56% in yield than that of film mulching water,the treatment of water 2 increases 11.8% in yield than that of water 1,the treatment of water 3 increases 11.34% in yield than that of water 2,but the treatment of water 4 decreases 9.1% in yield than that of water 3.The main reasons that limit the film mulching's high yield are the number of spike beaning,secondly the seeds per ear, thirdly the thousand kerned weight.In rich water year,the treatment of film mulching water 3 can get better economical and social benefit.The third treatment of water saves 1 500～3 000 squares water per hm\+2 than the means of the present irrigating system.