施肥方式对玉米根系分布及产量的影响

Effect of Fertilizer Application Methods on Root System Distribution and Yield in Maize

采用土柱模拟法研究施肥方式对玉米根系分布及产量的影响 ,结果表明 ,垄沟追肥促使玉米根系向纵深发展 ,与传统的垄面撒施覆土相比 ,垄沟施肥 3cm深处理的中层根和深层根干重分别增加 8 9%～ 9 4%和2 6 6 %～ 45 8% ,总根重增加 6 0 %～ 8 5 % ,而百粒重和产量增加不显著。垄沟施肥 8cm的中层根和深层根干重分别增加 19 6 %～ 2 2 6 %和 5 9 3%～ 91 7% ,总根重增加 12 3%～ 13 8% ,百粒重增加 13 9%～ 16 3% ,产量增加10 6 %～ 11 8%。表明玉米追肥的最佳方式为垄沟深追肥。

The effects of fertilizer application methods on root system distribution and yield in maize were studied by using soil column simulated test method.The results showed that top application in a furrow increased the root system content of maize in deep layer.As compared with traditional fertilizer spreading on the ridge and soil covering(CK),top application in 3 cm deep furrow increased root dry weight of middle layer and deep layer by 8 9%～9 4% and 26 5%～45 8% respectively ,and total root dry weight by 6 0%～8 5%.Top application in 8 cm deep furrow increased root dry weight of middle layer and deep layer by 19 6%～22 6% and 59 3%～91 7% respectively, and total root dry weight by 12 3%～13 8%,and 100-grain weight by 13 9%～16 3%,and yield by 10 6%～11 8%.It is concluded that top application in a deep furrow is the best for increasing deep layer root system content and yield in maize.