社会公益类科研院所的“一所两制”问题

Research on "One institute, Two systems "at Public Service Institute in China

“一所两制”是我国科研院所 (包括社会公益类科研院所 )普遍存在的一种管理体制 ,它对于社会公益类科研院所解决经费不足、提高职工收入、分流富余人员、提高机构运行效率和活力等方面起到了重要作用 ,对其生存和发展具有非常重要的意义。但是同时也带来了影响社会公共科技产品和服务质量、导致科研水平下降、商业性行为侵蚀公益性产品、公益性科研产品被机构垄断等负面作用。在今后的改革中 ,应对社会公益类科研院所中“一所两制”中的两种行为严格进行区分 ,并分别明确制度规定 ,以消除“一所两制”带来的负面影响 。

The 'one institute, two systems' is a common managing system of institutes(including public service institutes) in China, which is of great importance to the institutes, especially the public service institutes, in providing research funds, improving stuff's income, and improving efficiency. However, this system also brought negative side effects such as worse quality of public scientific and technological products and services, declining of scientific research level, and the institute monopoly of public scientific products, etc. Therefore, in the forthcoming reform, it is necessary that the 'two systems' in one institute be clearly distinguished and given corresponding regulations, so that the negative effects could be eliminated, and the stable development of public service institutes could be ensured.