抗寒脐橙“赣华79-9新生系”的选育及生物学特性与适应性研究

A Study on the Biological Characteristics and Adaptability of Cold-resistant Navel Orange"New Cultivar Ganhua 79-9

脐橙 (Citrussinensis (L)osbeck)赣华 79- 9新生系 ,是 1979年由华盛顿脐橙自由授粉的种子 ,播种出苗后从多胚多苗中选出的珠心苗。该新生系 1982年开始挂果 ,果实高圆球形 ,橙黄色 ,色泽鲜艳 ,无核 ,果大 ,质优 ,有香气。果实于 11月中下旬成熟 ,座果率较华盛顿脐橙高。特别是抗寒性和耐湿性均强 ,1979～ 2 0 0 0年 2 0多年来 ,经过 4次严寒大冻的考验 ,同园或附近的温州蜜柑和柑都被冻死 (1991年冬 )或遭受严重冻害 ,而赣华 79- 9则无冻害或冻害较轻。通过抗寒性的测定 ,其结果表明 :赣华 79- 9新生系叶片内积累的ABA比柑和温州蜜柑数值都大 ,内源GA3 的含量始终保持较低的水平 ,进一步证明该新生系抗寒性强。生产实践也证明其抗寒性和耐湿性均强 。

New cultivar 'Ganhua 79-9' Navel orange (Citrus sinensis osbeck) was selected in 1979 from the nucellus embryo seedlings from the seeds of Washington Navel Orange which were produced by free pollintion. The new cultivar began to fruit in 1982, with high-round shape, orange-yellow colour, seedless, big fruit, good quality and flavour. The fruit ripen in middle-late November, fruit-setting ratio is higher than that of Washington Navel Orange. Moreover, its cold resistance and wet tolerance are very strong. During 1979 to 1999, resisted four heavy freezes, with no or little freeze injury, but Mandrin and Ponkan in the same or near orchards were severely frozen even to death. Through the determination of cold resistance, its ABA content in its leaves is higher than that of Mandrin and Ponkan, and its internal GA 3 content has a constant lower level. Its practical production shows strong wet tolerance and wide adaptability.