上海市中小学生肥胖流行情况及影响因素的相关分析

Survey on Morbidity of Obesity and Analysis of Related Factors among Schoolchildren in Shanghai

目的了解上海地区中小学生的营养状况及肥胖流行情况 ,为探讨防治肥胖对策提供依据。 方法采用 2 4h膳食询问、体格检查及一般情况问卷调查法 ,对上海市两所中学和两所小学共 45 42名学生进行营养状况及肥胖率调查 ,并对数据进行统计分析。 结果中小学生肥胖检出率平均为 12 .3% ,男生 (17.1% )显著高于女生(7.0 % ) ,肥胖率最高年龄段为 9～ 10岁。中小学生的蛋白质、脂肪、能量摄入能达到膳食参考摄入量标准 (DRIs) ,但钙、铁、锌、VitC在DRI标准的 80 %以下。统计分析显示与肥胖相关的因素有父母职业、文化程度、母亲肥胖程度、进食速度等。 结论男生肥胖率高于女生 ;肥胖有家属倾向性 ,提示可能与遗传及家庭饮食习惯。

Objective To understand the morbidity of obesity and etiological factors of obeisty in schoolchildren. Methods A survey of nutritional status and morbidity of obesity among 4?542 schoolchildren in Shanghai was carried out. Results The results showed that mean morbidity was 12.3%(male 17.1%,female 7.0%).The highest rate of obesity is at age 9 ～ 10.The daily intakes of protein,fat,carbohydrate were reached Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes(DRIs),but the daily intakes of calcium,iron,zinc,vitamin C could not reach the stipulation of the DRIs,they were all lower than 80% of the DRI level. Conclusion The morbidity of obesity among male and female pupils is different(male>female). The factors concerned with obesity were related with the maternal education level,maternal BMI,food habit and lifestyle.