试论交易成本的影响面与经济优化

A Discussion of the Impact Sector of the Transaction Costs and the Economy Optimization

自从科斯在《企业的本质》提出交易成本以来 ,传统的经济学一直用这一理论来解释企业代替市场的原因 ,本文试图把科斯近理论用来解释帕累托效率和经济制度变迁的理论 ,说明在交易成本存在的情况下 ,现的经济只能达到帕累托“次”优 ,而非理想中的帕累托最优 ;同时 ,交易成本的存在也会延缓制度的变迁 。

Ever since the transaction cost was brought forward in 'The Nature of Enterprises', the traditional economics has been explaining the reason why the enterprise substitutes the enterprise with this theory. This article intends to explain the theory of Pareto Efficiency and the change of economic system with this theory and then to show that under the condition of existing transaction cost, the economy can only reach the Pareto 'Inferior'Optimality ,but not the Pareto Optimality. At the same time, the existence of transaction cost will delay the change of system so it can't realize the ideal system change.