地震目标勘探实现奥灰水研究的可能性

The possibility of detecting water in the Ordovician carbonate with objective seismic exploration

在中国的大部分煤田 ,奥陶系灰岩中的水是煤系地层水的主要来源 ,因此奥灰水的研究对井田煤层开采顶、底板突水问题的解决具有重要的意义 .由于煤层与周围介质间较大的波阻抗差形成对下伏奥灰系地层反射的屏蔽作用及煤系地层与奥灰系间的较小间距 ,使得目前煤田高分辨率地震勘探对奥灰顶界面及其内部结构的识别存在一定的难度 .应用三维高分辨率目标地震勘探 ,已成功地解决了塔里木轮南地区深目的层 (5 5 0 0m)奥灰风化剥蚀面的喀斯特岩溶地貌问题 .如果将这项技术推广应用到煤田地震勘探中 ,在煤田地震数据的野外采集和室内处理解释上精心设计、特殊处理 ,对煤田奥灰水的研究也会起到启发的作用 .

The water in coal strata mainly come from the under Ordovician carbonate in many coal mine of China. So the study of the Ordovician carbonate and its hydrousity is important for the solution of water abruption happened in the coal bed. It is difficult to recognize the Ordovician interface, because the great difference of the coal seam and its surrounding lithology, and the smaller distance between coal and the Ordovician sediment, so that the Ordovician reflection is shielded and weak contrast to the coals reflecting. And the study of the Ordovician interface and its inner structure can not be gotten through the common high resolution 3 D seismic exploration. In Talimu basin, the western of China, we had successfully traced the Ordovician interface in 5500 meters depth and restored the ancient Karst and grotto landform, which greatly affect the oil and gas exploration, with the objective seismic exploration. If this technique is applied to the coal mine seismic exploration and more emphasis can be given in the field designation and sampling, including the processing and interpretation, the water abruption problem should be solved more efficiently.