“逆临床思维”与新型疾病发现方法的探讨

Exploration on "Counter-Clinical Thought" and Methods of Finding of New Type of Diseases

目的 初步总结发现新型疾病的方法和医学思维方式。方法 研究 30余种疾病发现的过程。结果 新型疾病的发现过程和判断的思维方式似可初步总结为以下几个方面 :(1)以疾病的异常特征为发现新型疾病的线索 ,包括流行病学、临床、实验室三个方面。 (2 )发现线索后从以上三个方面全面系统收集资料。 (3)运用宏观思维寻找群体的共同特征 ,排除个体差异。 (4 )不仅收集与已知疾病相同的特征 ,而且还应注意与已知疾病不同的特征 ,然后综合分析判断。结论 发现新型疾病的方法与思维方式不同于经典的临床思维模式。

To summarize preliminarily new manner of medical thought and methods of finding of new types of diseases. Method Reviews finding process of more than 30 diseases. Results Finding process and thought manner of new types of diseases may be generalized as follows: (1)Take new features as clues which includes epidemiologic, clinical manifestation and results of laboratory examination. (2) Epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory data should be collected comprehensively following finding of clues. (3) Mass analysis is applied to exclude individual differences between patients. (4) Attaches importance to not only same features as but also different features from known diseases further, especially to change of features which have diagnosis value and analyzed these features all-round.Conclusion Methods of finding of new types of diseases is different from classic clinical patterns of thought.