电磁脉冲对大鼠肾上腺超微结构损伤的研究

Study on the ultrastructural changes of the adrenal gland in rats irradiated by electromagnetic pulse(EMP)

目的 :本研究拟通过观察电磁脉冲 (EMP)辐照大鼠后其肾上腺组织学及超微结构的改变 ,初步探讨EMP致肾上腺损伤的特点。方法 :雄性二级Wistar大鼠 2 4只 ,随机分为 6组 ,每组 4只。其中 1组为对照组 ,其余 5组为辐照组。辐照组在高场强电磁脉冲模拟源下 ,以场强为 6× 10 4 V m ,脉冲上升时间为 2 0ns,脉宽为 30 μs的条件下 ,在2min内辐照大鼠 5次 ,对照组不做任何处理 ,辐照后于 1h、6h、12h、2 4h和 4 8h活杀动物 ,左侧肾上腺常规光镜制片 ,右侧肾上腺 4 %戊二醛及 1%锇酸双固定 ,Epon812包埋。LKB - 1180 0 (Pyramitome)半薄切片 ,定位后 ,LKB -Ⅴ型超薄切片机切片 ,乙酸铀和柠檬酸铅双染色 ,PHILIPS -CM12 0电镜下观察、拍片。结果 :辐射组大鼠肾上腺皮髓质细胞超微结构在 1h后即出现变化 ,且逐渐加重 ,包括皮质细胞内脂质颗粒及髓质细胞内的内分泌颗粒排空明显 ;细胞水肿 ,线粒体肿胀、空化、髓样体形成 ;内质网扩张 ;皮质细胞和毛细血管内皮细胞核异染色质边集 ,早期细胞凋亡表现 ;毛细血管内皮细胞线粒体的明显空化。结论 :EMP可引起大鼠肾上腺皮髓质细胞及毛细血管内皮细胞的损伤 ,并可诱导其凋亡的发生。

Objective:With observing the changes of ultrastructure in adrenal gland after being irradiated by EMP (electromagnetic pulse, EMP) to explore the possible injury characteristics. Methods:24 male Wistar rats were divided into one control group and five irradiated groups(irradiated by 6×10 4V/m field strength 5 EMP within 2 minutes ), then the irradiated rats were killed and sampled to observe the ultrastructural changes of adrenal gland under electron microscope at 1h, 6h, 12h,24h and 48h separately. Results:Ultrastructures of adrenal gland were obviously changed in irradiated groups after EMP 1h and ingravescence. In these rats, diminution of lipid granules in cortex cells and incretion granules in medulla cells, swollen mitochondria with cristae loss and vacuolization, dilatated endoplasmic reticulum were observed in cortex, medulla and endothelium of capillary cells. The heterochromatins were gathered under the nucleus membranes in cortex cells and endothelium of capillary cells. Conclusion:The EMP can lead injure and apoptosis to cortex, medulla and capillary endothelium cells of adrenal gland. Membrane system injure and stress response may be related to the course of EMP injure.