豆类植物三种类型染色体(大、中、小)核型分析方法的研究

Study on the Karyotype Analysis Method of Three Chromosome Types in Leguminous Plants

本文选用三种豆类植物———蚕豆、豌豆、大豆、分别代表大、中、小三种不同类型的染色体 ,研究了其核型 ,并对研究方法进行了讨论。结果表明 ,蚕豆属于大型染色体 ,6对染色体平均长度为 11 33μm ,核型分类为2A ,核型公式为 2n =2x =12 =4m + 4Sm (2SAT) + 2ST + 2T ,豌豆属于中等大小染色体 ,7对染色体平均长度为 5 5 0μm ,核型分类为 2A ,核型公式 2n =2x =14=2M + 4m + 8sm ;大豆属于小染色体 ,2 0对染色体的平均长度为 1 93μm ,核型属于 2B类型 ,核型公式为 2n =2x =40 =2M + 30m + 8sm (2SAT)

The present paper chooses Vicia faba.,Pisum sativum,Glycine max.,in Leguminous, which separately represent three chromosome types,and studies their karyotypes, furthermore discusses analysis methods.Results are as follows:(1)Vicia faba.was shown to have the karyotype 2n=2x=12=4m+4sm(2SAT)+2st=2t,which belongs to 2A type.It chromosomes were large-sized ones,the average length of six pair chromosomes is 11\^33μm.(2)Pisum sativum was found to have the karyotype 2n=2x=14=2M+4m+8sm,which belongs to 2A type.Its chromosomes were midium-sized ones,the average length of seven pairs chromosomes is 5\^90μm.(3)Glycine max.has the karyotype 2n=2x=20=2M+30m+8sm(2SAT),which belongs to 2B type.Its chromosomes were small-sized ones,the average length of twenty pairs chromosomes is 1\^93 μm.