福州市鼓楼区0～14岁儿童哮喘患病情况调查报告

Epidemiological Survey on Asthma in Children Aged 0～14 Years in Gulou District of Fuzhou

目的 调查 2 0 0 0年福州市鼓楼区 0～ 14岁儿童哮喘流行情况 ,探讨危险因素 ,为我市儿童哮喘防治提供依据。 方法 以随机整群抽样方法 ,在福州市鼓楼区安泰与南街街道 0～ 14岁常住儿童中共抽样调查 5 2 2 9人。按全国儿科哮喘协作组制定 2 0 0 0年全国 0～ 14岁儿童哮喘统一调查方法及诊断标准进行。 结果 儿童哮喘2 30人 (4.4 0 % ) ,婴幼儿哮喘 38人 (0 .73% ) ,咳嗽变异性哮喘 18人 (0 .34% ) ,可疑哮喘 12人 (0 .2 3% )。哮喘 (包括儿童哮喘、婴幼儿哮喘 ) 2 0 9人 (除外 2年以上不发作者 ) ,患病率为 3.99% ,男女患病率之比为 1.6 1∶ 1。高发年龄段为 3～ 7岁和 11～ 13岁 ,起病年龄 3岁以内占 74 .6 4 %。发病主要诱因是上呼吸道感染 (99.0 4 % )和天气变化(5 9.33% )。个人变态反应史占 81.82 % ,一、二级亲属有哮喘史分别分 18.6 6 %及 2 0 .10 %。发病距首次确诊时间为2 .2± 1.85年。治疗中普遍应用抗生素 (99.30 % )。 结论 本次调查基本代表了福州市区 0～ 14岁儿童哮喘的患病情况 。

Objective\ To survey the prevalence and risk factors of asthma in children aged 0~14 years in Gulou district of Fuzhou, in order to provide some basic data for the research on its preventive and therapeutic policies.\ Methods\ Using uniform scheme, procedures and questionnaire, performing cluster\|random\|sampling survey for the population aged 0~14 years in two streets: Antai and Naje of Golou district.\ In this survey, 5229 subjects were actually surveyed.\ Results\ 230 asthmatic children(4 4%), 38 asthmatic infants and young children(0 73%), 18 cough variant asthma(CVA, 0 34%), and 12 suspicious asthma(0 23%) were found in this survey.\ There were overall 209 asthma(excluding those without asthmatic attack for more than 2 years, CVA and suspicious asthma) in this survey, the prevalence rate of asthma was 3 99%, the ratio of male to female was 1 38∶1.\ Two groups with higher prevalence were preschool period(3~8 years) and early youth period(10~13 years).\ The first attack of asthma most occurred in infants and young children period(74 64%).\ The primary triggers were acute upper respiratory infections(99 04%) and weather changes(59 33%).\ An individual atopic history(81 82%) and primary and secondary family members with asthma history(18 66% and 20 10%) were found in this survey.\ It was 2 2±1 85 years from first attack to diagnose asthma, treatment with antibiotics was given in 99 30%.\ Conclusion\ This survey could reflected the epidemiologic aspects of children asthma in Fuzhou urban district, the relative data will provide a basied data for research concerning in mass prevention and treatment.