北京地区化工职业人群哮喘流行病学调查及治疗现状分析

A epidemiological survey and management analysis of asthma among employees of 6 chemical plants in Beijing area

目的 了解目前北京市化工人群哮喘的流行病学特征并对其治疗现状进行分析 ,取得我国化工职业人群中哮喘流行病学状况的基础资料。方法 采用面对面调查与体检相结合的方法对北京 6家大型化工厂的全体职工 12 6 94人进行了普查。结果 北京市化工人群哮喘患病率为 1 13%(143/ 12 6 94) ,男性为 1 0 9% (78/ 716 4) ,女性为 1 18% (6 5 / 5 5 30 ) ,两者在统计学上差异无显著意义。不同工厂哮喘患病率不同。过敏体质及接触某些化工物质是哮喘发病的危险因素。 91 6 1%的患者在急性发作期采用药物治疗 ,8 39%的患者在缓解期坚持治疗。结论 在化工职业人群中 ,职业性地接触一些化工物质可能是哮喘发病的一个危险因素。在该人群中 ,哮喘患者的治疗远未符合哮喘治疗规范。

Objective To estimate the prevalence and to evaluate the current status for management of asthma among employees in chemical plants in Beijing area Methods A general survey was conducted among 12 694 employees in 6 large chemical plants in Beijing area by face to face interview and physical examination. Results The prevalence of asthma was 1 13%(143/12 694), 1 09%(78/7 164)for male and 1 18%(65/ 5 530) for female The incidence of asthma was different among various chemical plants 91.61% of the patients had received drug therapy in acute exacerbation stage, however, only 8.39% of them persevered drug therapy in remission stage. Conclusion Atopy and exposure to some chemical substances are risk factors for asthma Treatment of asthma among this population by far fails to accord with the demands of the recommeded regimen for asthma.