人类未成熟卵母细胞体外培养成熟的研究进展

Human Immature Oocyte in vitro Maturation: Current Clinical Achievments and Future Directions

本文综述了人类未成熟卵母细胞体外培养成熟的现状和未来的发展方向。未成熟卵母细胞体外培养成熟包括二种方法 :卵泡体外培养 ( IVC)和卵母细胞体外成熟 ( IVM)。从原始卵泡发育到成熟卵母细胞 ,受精形成胚胎 ,胚胎移植后妊娠 ,仅在小鼠成功 ,有关人类此方面的研究正在进行中。人类卵母细胞体外成熟已成功应用于治疗不孕症 ,但成功率低。卵母细胞体外成熟受自身大小以及所处月经周期的影响。培养系统添加卵泡液、表皮生长因子、激活素 /抑制素、以及共培养系统有助于卵母细胞体外成熟。根据卵母细胞所处发育阶段选择不同的培养系统 。

This paper reviews the recent development and recent situation in the field of human immature oocyte matured in vitro . Human immature oocyte maturation in vitro includes in vitro culture of follicle (IVC) and in vitro maturation of oocytes(IVM). Until now, in vitro development from a primordial follicle up to birth of a neonate was successful only in mouse. Similar work is ongoing in human. In vitro maturation of oocyte cumulus complxes(OCC) has been used clinically for more than 10 years. The size and phase of menstrual cycle of oocyte can affect oocyte maturation in vitro . The culture conditions supplied with follicle fluid, EGF, activin/inhibin and coculture system are helpful to the maturation of oocyte. To enable the development of consistent techniques of IVC and IVM, a more systematic and scientific approach is needed. The using of defined culture media in combination with follicle stage dependent suppplements might improve our understanding of the minimal requirements for oocyte growth and maturation.