纳滤技术及高分子纳滤膜的制备

Nanofiltration and Preparation of Polymerized Composite Nanofiltration Membrane

纳滤技术是一种介于超滤与反渗透之间的新型分离技术 ,其优点在于不仅能截留分子量为数百的有机分子 ,而且对不同价态的离子其截留能力也不同 .介绍了纳滤膜的传质模型 (空间电荷模型、固定电荷模型和杂化模型等 ) ,比较了高分子纳滤膜各种制备方法的优缺点 ,重点介绍了界面聚合法制备高分子复合纳滤膜的过程、界面聚合所用材料、膜性能影响因素及该方法的特点 ,最后提出纳滤技术研究将朝着新型纳滤膜开发。

Nanofiltration is a new separation technique between reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration. The advantage of nanofiltration is that the molecular weight cut-off to organics is about several hundred and that the rejection coefficient to ions of different valence is quite different. It has been widely used in many fields. The mass transfer mechanisms of nanofiltration technology, such as Space-chareged Pore Model, TMS Model and Hybrid Model, are described in the paper. The advantages and shortcomings of the preparation methods of the nanofiltration membranes are introduced in detail, especially the interfacial polymerization ,including material, affecting factors and the characteristics. It is pointed out that the directions of future research are process optimization, the development of new nanofiltration membrane and intergation technology.