120例食管癌、胃癌危险因素的病例对照研究

Case-control Study on Risk Factors of 120 Cases of Esophageal Cancer and Gastric Cancer

目的 探讨食管癌、胃癌发病的危险因素及保护因素。方法 采用 1∶3配比的病例对照研究方法并建立了Logistic回归模型 ,共调查 12 0例食管癌、胃癌病例及 36 0例对照。结果 单因素分析提示 ,长期或大量吸烟、饮酒 ,喜食酸菜 ,喜辣食 ,经常出现呕吐、吞咽困难、黑便、消瘦及隐血珠筛查阳性与食管癌、胃癌的发生有关 ,而文化水平和喜食水果是保护因素 ;经多因素分析发现 ,吞咽困难、隐血珠筛查阳性、饮酒史、黑便及吸烟年限为食管癌、胃癌发生的主要危险因素。结论 改变不良饮食生活习惯 ,经常食用新鲜蔬菜和水果 ,对经常出现呕吐、吞咽困难、黑便、消瘦及隐血球筛查阳性的高危人群定期进行筛查 ,可减少食管癌、胃癌发生的危险性。

Objective To explore the risk factors and safety factors of esophageal cancer and gastric cancer.Methods A case-control study of 1∶3 was designed to obtain the data of 120 cases of exophageal cancer or gastric cancer and 360 controls.To found logistic regression model.Results The resutls of analysis of simple factors showed risk factors were below:smoking,drinking wine,liking eating acid vegetables,liking to eat peppery food,sick,swallow hard,black stool,poor and occult blood bead detector.Culture level and liking to eat fruit were safety factors.The resutls of analysis of complex factors showed important risk factors:swallow hard,occult blood bead deterctor,history of drinking wine,black stool and smoking apprenticeship.Conclusions It could reduce incidence of esophageal cancer and gastric cancer to change bad diet manner,to eat fresh vegetables and fruit often,to screen risk crowd who were sick,swallow hard,black stool,poor and occult blood bead detector.