不良工效学因素对缝纫女工的健康效应调查

Adverse Ergonomic Factors and Effects on Health in Garment Female Workers

[目的 ]探讨缝纫女工不良工效学因素与肌肉骨骼效应的关系。 [方法 ]采用作业场所工效学分析、劳动姿势评价系统和问卷调查方法对某服装厂缝纫车间进行了不良工效学暴露因素评价和肌肉骨骼症状调查。 [结果 ]缝纫女工不良工效学因素包括体力劳动高、工作姿势和动作不良、劳动受限程度大、劳动重复性高、噪声强等。其不良复合姿势达 84 2 % ,有害和非常有害的复合姿势达 3 2 % ;女工肩部、手臂和腰背的疼痛患病率分别是 48 0 %、3 0 7%、72 0 % ,且 91 8%的腰背痛发生于工作时间 ,均明显高于对照组。 [结论

To investigate adverse ergonomic factors and musculoskeletal disorders in garment female workers. Ergonomic Workplace Analysis OWAS (Ovako work postural analysis system),and questionnaire were used. The results indicated that adverse ergonomic factors of physical workload,postural stress,job restriction,repetitiveness and noise did exist in work process,of which poor and awkward postures accounted for 84 2% and 3 2% respectively. The prevalence of shoulder,arm and low back pains in garment female workers was 48 0%,30 7%,72 0%,respectively,and was higher than that in teachers. 91 8% of low back pains in garment workers occurred at work. [Conclusion] Poor work condition is relevant to high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders.