水稻灌溉对嗜人按蚊种群密度与消长的影响

Impact of Paddy Irrigation to Density and Dynamics of Anopheles anthropophagus

目的探讨水稻灌溉对嗜人按蚊种群密度与消长的影响。方法于 1 986 -2 0 0 0年夜间 2人帐内诱捕吸蚊计算种群密度 ,清晨搜捕全村人房按蚊 ,观察嗜人按蚊种群变化和自然消长。结果观察点将乐县上山洞水稻种植期实行自流串灌 ,农闲期泡田积水 ,嗜人按蚊密度高 ,平均叮人率为 1 6 .9只 /人·夜 ,活动期长 ,分别于 6～ 7月和 9月出现 2次密度高峰 ;邵武市下洪元村水稻生长期实行轮灌制 ,冬季排水烤田 ,观察期间嗜人按蚊种群密度一直较低 ,活动期较短 ,于 6～ 7月出现 1次密度高峰 ,平均叮人率为 0 .8只 /人·夜 ,前者是后者的 2 1倍。结论水稻田终年泡田积水有利于嗜人按蚊种群繁殖 。

Objective To observe the population of Anopheles anthropophagus affected by different paddy irrigation methods i.e. gravity irrigation, or irrigation and drainage. Method The density, population and natural changes of An.anthropophagus were assessed by man biting rate in night and number of mosquito caught in dwelling in the morning. Results In gravity irrigation area, the average man biting rate was 16.9 mosquitoes and the peak density revealed in June July and September but in irrigation and drainage area, they were 0.8 mosquito and June July. Conclusion Irrigation and drainage method could decrease the density and population of An.anthropophagus while the gravity irrigation method was advantage to the breeding of mosquito because of retaining water all the year.