长江上游千余年来特大洪水的初步探讨

Preliminary Study of the Extremely Floods Over one Thousand Odd Years in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River

通过查阅历史文献及洪水调查、水文观测等方面的资料分析 ,提出长江上游 10 0 0余年来发生了 5次特大洪水。 16 79年、977年、972年属异常特大洪水 ,粗估 16 79年、977年洪水至宜昌比现已确认的长江上游 80 0余年来1870年首次调查洪水的洪峰流量约大 7× 10 4m3 /s。

By making a close study of such as the historical documents and the analytical data on flood investigations and hydrologic observations, this paper identifies and expounds the five extraordinary floods that occurred over one thousand years in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.Of the five extraordinary floods, the three happening in 1679, 977 and 972 were extremely catastrophic, which made the Yangtze River's water level tens of meters higher than that caused by the flood in 1870. It's roughly estimated that the flow volume of the two floods (in 1679 and 977) up to Yichang was about 70,000 cubic meters bigger per second than that of the flood in 1870 confirmed to be the biggest one over a period of eight hundred odd years in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.