水资源优化利用中两类数学模型间的分析比较

The Analysis and Comparison of Two Mathematic Models in the Optimization and Utilization of The Water Resources

近期全球气候变化及人类经济活动规模的扩大，对人类赖以生存的自然环境造成很大影响，其中维持生态平衡的主导因子之一──水资源时空分布的变化，引起了人们极大的关注。尤其是干旱地区水资源表现出的稀缺性，已严重影响到人们将来的生存和经济发展问题。针对这种情况，人们在开发和利用水资源的过程中，建立了各种模型，以期对水资源进行精确的定量化研究，达到对水资源优化利用和管理的目的。通过比较“连续寻优的优化模型”和“离散方案的多目标密切值模型”，分析其各自的原理和规化思想，对其各自的预测功能进行了讨论，进而说明了两类模型的应用范围。提出将两类模型加以综合，然后应用于同一研究地区、以期得到更为优良的结果，为研究地区的经济发展提供可靠的决策依据。

The global climate change and the extending of human economic action have been in - fluencing the natural environment by which the human being is living. Water is one of the elemen- ts that sustain the balance of ecosystem. Distribution of the water resources in the space and time has changed greatly,and the lack of water in arid district is seviously influencing the survival of the human being and economie development,So, in water development and utilization ,people created all kinds of mathematic models to study the water resources quantitatively. In this paper, we com- pared two models which have been efficiently employed in arid district .analysed their mathematic laws and the ideas of programming, studied their functions of forecast, and point out their appli- cable range. To get the best optimized result and offer reliable decision-making bases, we advise to integrate these two models and apply them in the same district which will be studied.